{"id":259726,"date":"2019-01-25T15:37:01","date_gmt":"2019-01-25T20:37:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/?p=259726"},"modified":"2024-01-10T15:21:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-10T20:21:02","slug":"harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/","title":{"rendered":"Embedding ethics in computer science curriculum"},"content":{"rendered":"<header\n\tclass=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-article-header alignfull article-header is-style-fullscreen has-overlay\"\n\tstyle=\" \"\n>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"article-header__content\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"article-header__category\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/science-technology\/\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\tScience &amp; Tech\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<h1 class=\"article-header__title wp-block-heading \">\n\t\tEmbedding ethics in computer science curriculum\t<\/h1>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video wp-block-video--ambient\"><video autoplay loop muted playsinline src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/CS_Ethics_header_animation_timeline.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Photo illustration by Judy Blomquist\/Harvard Staff<\/p><\/figcaption><button aria-label=\"Pause ambient video\" class=\"video-ambient-controls pause\"><\/button><\/figure>\n\n\t<div class=\"article-header__meta\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-post-author\">\n\t\t\t<address class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"author wp-block-post-author__name\">\n\t\tPaul Karoff\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-post-author__byline\">\n\t\t\tSEAS Communications\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/address>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<time class=\"article-header__date\" datetime=\"2019-01-25\">\n\t\t\tJanuary 25, 2019\t\t<\/time>\n\n\t\t<span class=\"article-header__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t9 min read\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-header__subheading wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\tHarvard initiative seen as a national model\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\n<\/header>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>Barbara Grosz has a fantasy that every time a computer scientist logs on to write an algorithm or build a system, a message will flash across the screen that asks, \u201cHave you thought about the ethical implications of what you\u2019re doing?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until that day arrives, Grosz, the Higgins Professor of Natural Sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2500\" height=\"1667\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.\" class=\"wp-image-261398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg 2500w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=150,100 150w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=2048,1366 2048w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=48,32 48w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=96,64 96w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=1488,992 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg?resize=1680,1120 1680w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard&#8217;s approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Rose Lincoln\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.&#8221;<\/p>\n<cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignleft supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignright supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7\">\n\t<div class=\"featured-articles is-post-type-post is-style-grid-list\"  style=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"featured-articles__title wp-block-heading\">More like this<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"featured-articles__list \">\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"Harvard Business Review Editor-in-Chief, Adi Ignatius talks with Brad Smith (left), President and Chief Legal Officer, Microsoft\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/business-economy\/\">\n\t\t\tWork &amp; Economy\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/10\/microsoft-president-discusses-the-good-and-bad-of-corporate-activism\/\">Corporate activism takes on precarious role<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/\">\n\t\t\tCampus &amp; Community\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/07\/bulgarian-born-computer-science-student-considers-her-impact\/\">Bulgarian-born computer science student finds her niche<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t6 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carefully-designed-course-modules\">Carefully designed course modules<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Computer science students examine issues such as privacy, censorship, and fake news in courses co-designed by philosophy professors as Harvard works to embed ethics in the curriculum, creating a national model.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":122429419,"featured_media":259727,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"gz_ga_pageviews":42,"gz_ga_lastupdated":"2022-05-16 11:39","document_color_palette":"blue","author":"Paul Karoff","affiliation":"SEAS Communications","_category_override":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1387],"tags":[5329,9022,15838],"gazette-formats":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-259726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-technology","tag-barbara-grosz","tag-computer-science","tag-harvard-john-a-paulson-school-of-engineering-and-applied-sciences"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.0 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Harvard works to embed ethics in computer science curriculum &#8212; Harvard Gazette<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Computer science students examine issues such as privacy, censorship, and fake news in courses co-designed by philosophy professors as Harvard works to embed ethics in the curriculum, creating a national model.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Harvard works to embed ethics in computer science curriculum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Computer science students examine issues such as privacy, censorship, and fake news in courses co-designed by philosophy professors as Harvard works to embed ethics in the curriculum, creating a national model.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Harvard Gazette\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-01-25T20:37:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-10T20:21:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/CS_Ethics_header_2500x1666.png?resize=1024,683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"683\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"gazettebeckycoleman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Harvard works to embed ethics in computer science curriculum\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"gazettebeckycoleman\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/#\/schema\/person\/c6c859c924528563b44146bb17e8949f\"},\"headline\":\"Embedding ethics in computer science curriculum\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-01-25T20:37:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-10T20:21:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/\"},\"wordCount\":1678,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/01\/harvard-works-to-embed-ethics-in-computer-science-curriculum\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/CS_Ethics_header_2500x1666.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Barbara Grosz\",\"Computer Science\",\"Harvard John A. 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Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Until that day arrives, Grosz, the Higgins Professor of Natural Sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Until that day arrives, Grosz, the Higgins Professor of Natural Sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Until that day arrives, Grosz, the Higgins Professor of Natural Sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/image","attrs":{"align":"wide","id":261398,"sizeSlug":"full","className":"is-resized","creditText":"Rose Lincoln\/Harvard Staff Photographer","blob":"","url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg","alt":"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.","caption":"Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard's approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t","lightbox":[],"title":"","href":"","rel":"","linkClass":"","width":"","height":"","aspectRatio":"","scale":"","linkDestination":"","linkTarget":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"style":[],"borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.\" class=\"wp-image-261398\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard's approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","innerContent":["\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.\" class=\"wp-image-261398\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard's approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n"],"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.\" class=\"wp-image-261398\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard's approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Rose Lincoln\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/quote","attrs":{"value":"<cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite>","citation":"Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy","textAlign":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"align":"","className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","layout":[],"anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"<\/p>\n"}],"innerHTML":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n","innerContent":["\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">","<cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n"],"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"<\/p>\n<cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n"},{"blockName":"harvard-gazette\/supporting-content","attrs":{"id":"44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4","align":"left","allowedBlocks":[],"style":[],"lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":""},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"level":3,"textAlign":"","content":"Curriculum at a glance","levelOptions":[],"placeholder":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"align":"","className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n","innerContent":["\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n"],"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"<em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em>","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list","attrs":{"ordered":false,"values":"\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","type":"","start":0,"reversed":false,"placeholder":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/list-item","attrs":{"placeholder":"","content":"<strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n","innerContent":["\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n"],"rendered":"\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n"}],"innerHTML":"\n<ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/ul>\n","innerContent":["\n<ul>","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","<\/ul>\n"],"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n"}],"innerHTML":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignleft supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4\">\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n","innerContent":["\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignleft supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4\">","\n\n","\n\n","<\/div>\n"],"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignleft supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"harvard-gazette\/supporting-content","attrs":{"align":"right","id":"1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7","allowedBlocks":[],"style":[],"lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":""},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"harvard-gazette\/featured-articles","attrs":{"autoGenerate":false,"inPostContent":true,"numberOfPosts":2,"postIds":[254022,247999],"showDate":false,"showExcerpt":false,"title":"More like this","className":"is-style-grid-list","category":"","carouselOnDesktop":false,"isEditor":false,"linkText":"See all book reviews","passPostIds":false,"postOverrides":[],"postTypeOverride":"post","receivePostIds":false,"series":"","showCategory":true,"gridColumns":2,"showDropShadow":false,"showFormat":true,"showImage":true,"showImageZoom":false,"showSeries":true,"showReadMore":true,"showReadTime":true,"tags":[],"useCurrentTerm":false,"lock":[],"metadata":[],"align":"","style":[]},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"","innerContent":[],"rendered":"\n\t<div class=\"featured-articles is-post-type-post is-style-grid-list\"  style=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"featured-articles__title wp-block-heading\">More like this<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"featured-articles__list \">\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"Harvard Business Review Editor-in-Chief, Adi Ignatius talks with Brad Smith (left), President and Chief Legal Officer, Microsoft\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/business-economy\/\">\n\t\t\tWork &amp; Economy\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/10\/microsoft-president-discusses-the-good-and-bad-of-corporate-activism\/\">Corporate activism takes on precarious role<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/\">\n\t\t\tCampus &amp; Community\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/07\/bulgarian-born-computer-science-student-considers-her-impact\/\">Bulgarian-born computer science student finds her niche<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t6 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t"}],"innerHTML":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignright supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7\"><\/div>\n","innerContent":["\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignright supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7\">","<\/div>\n"],"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignright supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7\">\n\t<div class=\"featured-articles is-post-type-post is-style-grid-list\"  style=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"featured-articles__title wp-block-heading\">More like this<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"featured-articles__list \">\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"Harvard Business Review Editor-in-Chief, Adi Ignatius talks with Brad Smith (left), President and Chief Legal Officer, Microsoft\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/business-economy\/\">\n\t\t\tWork &amp; Economy\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/10\/microsoft-president-discusses-the-good-and-bad-of-corporate-activism\/\">Corporate activism takes on precarious role<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/\">\n\t\t\tCampus &amp; Community\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/07\/bulgarian-born-computer-science-student-considers-her-impact\/\">Bulgarian-born computer science student finds her niche<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t6 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/heading","attrs":{"textAlign":"","content":"Carefully designed course modules","level":2,"levelOptions":[],"placeholder":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"align":"","className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carefully-designed-course-modules\">Carefully designed course modules<\/h2>\n","innerContent":["\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carefully-designed-course-modules\">Carefully designed course modules<\/h2>\n"],"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carefully-designed-course-modules\">Carefully designed course modules<\/h2>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/paragraph","attrs":{"align":"","content":"An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.","dropCap":false,"placeholder":"","direction":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n<p>An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n<p>An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n<p>An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.<\/p>\n"}],"innerHTML":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n","innerContent":["\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\">","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","\n\n","<\/div>\n"],"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p>Barbara Grosz has a fantasy that every time a computer scientist logs on to write an algorithm or build a system, a message will flash across the screen that asks, \u201cHave you thought about the ethical implications of what you\u2019re doing?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Until that day arrives, Grosz, the Higgins Professor of Natural Sciences at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), is working to instill in the next generation of computer scientists a mindset that considers the societal impact of their work, and the ethical reasoning and communications skills to do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEthics permeates the design of almost every computer system or algorithm that\u2019s going out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cWe want to educate our students to think not only about what systems they <em>could<\/em> build, but whether they <em>should<\/em> build those systems and how they should design those systems.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At a time when computer science departments around the country are grappling with how to turn out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms, Harvard is taking a novel approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2015, Grosz designed a new course called \u201cIntelligent Systems: Design and Ethical Challenges.\u201d An expert in artificial intelligence and a pioneer in natural language processing, Grosz turned to colleagues from Harvard\u2019s philosophy department to co-teach the course. They interspersed into the course\u2019s technical content a series of real-life ethical conundrums and the relevant philosophical theories necessary to evaluate them. This forced students to confront questions that, unlike most computer science problems, have no obvious correct answer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students responded. The course quickly attracted a following and by the second year 140 people were competing for 30 spots. There was a demand for more such courses, not only on the part of students, but by Grosz\u2019s computer science faculty colleagues as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe faculty thought this was interesting and important, but they didn\u2019t have expertise in ethics to teach it themselves,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/112018_ethics_3588_2500.jpg\" alt=\"Barbara Grosz, Jeff Behrend, Allison Simmons.\" class=\"wp-image-261398\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeffrey Behrends, and Alison Simmons hope Harvard's approach to turning out graduates who understand ethics as well as algorithms becomes a national model.\t\t\t<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Rose Lincoln\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In response, Grosz and collaborator Alison Simmons, the Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy, developed a model that draws on the expertise of the philosophy department and integrates it into a growing list of more than a dozen computer science courses, from introductory programming to graduate-level theory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under the initiative, dubbed Embedded EthiCS, philosophy graduate students are paired with computer science faculty members. Together, they review the course material and decide on an ethically rich topic that will naturally arise from the content. A graduate student identifies readings and develops a case study, activities, and assignments that will reinforce the material. The computer science and philosophy instructors teach side by side when the Embedded EthiCS material is brought to the classroom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grosz and her philosophy colleagues are at the center of a movement that they hope will spread to computer science programs around the country. Harvard\u2019s \u201cdistributed pedagogy\u201d approach is different from many university programs that treat ethics by adding a stand-alone course that is, more often than not, just an elective for computer science majors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work,\u201d Simmons said. \u201cWe want to send the message that ethical reasoning is part of what you do as a computer scientist.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Embedding ethics across the curriculum helps computer science students see how ethical issues can arise from many contexts, issues ranging from the way social networks facilitate the spread of false information to censorship to machine-learning techniques that empower statistical inferences in employment and in the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Courses in artificial intelligence and machine learning are obvious areas for ethical discussions, but Embedded EthiCS also has built modules for less-obvious pairings, such as applied algebra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe really want to get students habituated to thinking: How might an ethical issue arise in this context or that context?\u201d Simmons said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cStandalone courses can be great, but they can send the message that ethics is something that you think about after you\u2019ve done your \u2018real\u2019 computer science work.\"<\/p>\n<cite>Alison Simmons, Samuel H. Wolcott Professor of Philosophy<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignleft supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-44fff511-46b5-4399-aecb-c0ca2edb37f4\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curriculum at a glance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>A sampling of classes from the Embedded EthiCS pilot program and the issues they address<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Great Ideas in Computer Science:<\/strong> The ethics of electronic privacy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to Computer Science II:<\/strong> Morally responsible software engineering<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Networks:<\/strong> Facebook, fake news, and ethics of censorship<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programming Languages: <\/strong>Verifiably ethical software systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Design of Useful and Usable Interactive Systems:<\/strong> Inclusive design and equality of opportunity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Introduction to AI:<\/strong> Machines and moral decision making<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Autonomous Robot Systems:<\/strong> Robots and work<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>David Parkes, George F. Colony Professor of Computer Science, teaches a wide-ranging undergraduate class on topics in algorithmic economics. \u201cWithout this initiative, I would have struggled to craft the right ethical questions related to rules for matching markets, or choosing objectives for recommender systems,\u201d he said. \u201cIt has been an eye-opening experience to get students to think carefully about ethical issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grosz acknowledged that it can be a challenge for computer science faculty and their students to wrap their heads around often opaque ethical quandaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cComputer scientists are used to there being ways to prove problem set answers correct or algorithms efficient,\u201d she said. \u201cTo wind up in a situation where different values lead to there being trade-offs and ways to support different \u2018right conclusions\u2019 is a challenging mind shift. But getting these normative issues into the computer system designer\u2019s mind is crucial for society right now.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jeffrey Behrends, currently a fellow-in-residence at Harvard\u2019s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics, has co-taught the design and ethics course with Grosz. Behrends said the experience revealed greater harmony between the two fields than one might expect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOnce students who are unfamiliar with philosophy are introduced to it, they realize that it\u2019s not some arcane enterprise that\u2019s wholly independent from other ways of thinking about the world,\u201d he said. \u201cA lot of students who are attracted to computer science are also attracted to some of the methodologies of philosophy, because we emphasize rigorous thinking. We emphasize a methodology for solving problems that doesn\u2019t look too dissimilar from some of the methodologies in solving problems in computer science.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Embedded EthiCS model has attracted interest from universities \u2014 and companies \u2014 around the country. Recently, experts from more than 20 institutions gathered at Harvard for a workshop on the challenges and best practices for integrating ethics into computer science curricula. Mary Gray, a senior researcher at Microsoft Research (and a fellow at Harvard\u2019s Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society), who helped convene the gathering, said that in addition to impeccable technical chops, employers increasingly are looking for people who understand the need to create technology that is accessible and socially responsible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOur challenge in industry is to help researchers and practitioners not see ethics as a box that has to be checked at the end, but rather to think about these things from the very beginning of a project,\u201d Gray said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Those concerns recently inspired the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), the world\u2019s largest scientific and educational computing society, to update its code of ethics for the first time since 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In hope of spreading the Embedded EthiCS concept widely across the computer science landscape, Grosz and colleagues have authored a <a href=\"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/handle\/1\/37622301\">paper<\/a> to be published in the journal Communications of the ACM and launched a <a href=\"https:\/\/embeddedethics.seas.harvard.edu\/\">website<\/a> to serve as an open-source repository of their most successful course modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They envision a culture shift that leads to a new generation of ethically minded computer science practitioners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn our dream world, success will lead to better-informed policymakers and new corporate models of organization that build ethics into all stages of design and corporate leadership,\u201d Behrends says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-supporting-content alignright supporting-content\" id=\"supporting-content-1e28ae9c-e479-4889-85c9-35d457a9bae7\">\n\t<div class=\"featured-articles is-post-type-post is-style-grid-list\"  style=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"featured-articles__title wp-block-heading\">More like this<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"featured-articles__list \">\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"Harvard Business Review Editor-in-Chief, Adi Ignatius talks with Brad Smith (left), President and Chief Legal Officer, Microsoft\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/101118_HubCeo_019.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/business-economy\/\">\n\t\t\tWork &amp; Economy\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/10\/microsoft-president-discusses-the-good-and-bad-of-corporate-activism\/\">Corporate activism takes on precarious role<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t<li class=\"featured-article \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"featured-article__image\">\n\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1200\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C750\" class=\"attachment-large-landscape-desktop size-large-landscape-desktop\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=608,380 608w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=784,490 784w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1024,640 1024w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1200,750 1200w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1488,930 1488w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Profile-Zlatkova-SEAS-scaled.jpg?resize=1680,1050 1680w\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"featured-article__category\" href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/\">\n\t\t\tCampus &amp; Community\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"featured-article__title wp-block-heading \"><a href=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2018\/07\/bulgarian-born-computer-science-student-considers-her-impact\/\">Bulgarian-born computer science student finds her niche<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"featured-article__meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"featured-article__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t6 min read\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The experiment has also led to interesting conversations beyond the realm of computer science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve been doing this in the context of technology, but embedding ethics in this way is important for every scientific discipline that is putting things out in the world,\u201d Grosz said. \u201cTo do that, we will need to grow a generation of philosophers who will think about ways in which they can take philosophical ethics and normative thinking, and bring it to all of science and technology.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-carefully-designed-course-modules\">Carefully designed course modules<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At the heart of the Embedded EthiCS program are carefully designed, course-specific modules, collaboratively developed by faculty along with computer science and philosophy graduate student teaching fellows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A module that Kate Vredenburgh, a philosophy Ph.D. student, created for a course taught by Professor Finale Doshi-Velez asks students to grapple with questions of how machine-learning models can be discriminatory, and how that discrimination can be reduced. An introductory lecture sets out a philosophical framework of what discrimination is, including the concepts of disparate treatment and impact. Students learn how eliminating discrimination in machine learning requires more than simply reducing bias in the technical sense. Even setting a socially good task may not be enough to reduce discrimination, since machine learning relies on predictively useful correlations and those correlations sometimes result in increased inequality between groups.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The module illuminates the ramifications and potential limitations of using a disparate impact definition to identify discrimination. It also introduces technical computer science work on discrimination \u2014 statistical fairness criteria. An in-class exercise focuses on a case in which an algorithm that predicts the success of job applicants to sales positions at a major retailer results in fewer African-Americans being recommended for positions than white applicants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An out-of-class assignment asks students to draw on this grounding to address a concrete ethical problem faced by working computer scientists (that is, software engineers working for the Department of Labor). The assignment gives students an opportunity to apply the material to a real-world problem of the sort they might face in their careers, and asks them to articulate and defend their approach to solving the problem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n"}},"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":273314,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2019\/04\/harvards-embedded-ethics-program-wins-grant\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":0},"title":"Embedded EthiCS wins $150,000 grant","author":"Lian Parsons","date":"April 30, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"A joint program of the computer science and philosophy departments, Embedded EthiCS has won a $150,000 grant as part of the Responsible Computer Science Challenge sponsored by Omidyar Network, Mozilla, Schmidt Futures, and Craig Newmark Philanthropies.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Science &amp; Tech&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Science &amp; Tech","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/science-technology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Barbara Grosz (from left), Jeff Behrend, and Allison Simmons","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/112018_ethics_35882500.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/112018_ethics_35882500.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/112018_ethics_35882500.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/112018_ethics_35882500.jpg?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":172078,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2015\/07\/bringing-computer-skills-to-classrooms\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":1},"title":"Bringing computer skills to classrooms","author":"harvardgazette","date":"July 13, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"The Digital Literacy Project, run by Harvard undergraduates, is helping to drive computer learning among Boston middle schoolers.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/031415_alexis_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/031415_alexis_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/031415_alexis_605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":419822,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2025\/11\/technically-its-possible-ethically-its-complicated\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":2},"title":"Technically, it\u2019s possible. Ethically, it\u2019s complicated.","author":"Eileen O'Grady","date":"November 20, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Surge in AI use heightens demand for Harvard program that examines social consequences of computer science work","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Science &amp; Tech&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Science &amp; Tech","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/science-technology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Matthew Kopec.","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/102925_Matt_Kopec_07.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/102925_Matt_Kopec_07.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/102925_Matt_Kopec_07.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/102925_Matt_Kopec_07.jpg?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":312804,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2020\/10\/experts-consider-the-ethical-implications-of-new-technology\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":3},"title":"Trailblazing initiative marries ethics, tech","author":"harvardgazette","date":"October 16, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Faculty from the Computer Science and Philosophy departments join forces in a successful new undergraduate initiative, Embedded EthiCS, to change the way computer scientists think about the ethical implications of new technology.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Science &amp; Tech&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Science &amp; Tech","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/science-technology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Illustration of people making ethical decisions.","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/story_1_shot_2500.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/story_1_shot_2500.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/story_1_shot_2500.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/story_1_shot_2500.jpg?resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":152374,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2014\/02\/closing-the-gender-gap-in-computer-science\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":4},"title":"Closing the gender gap in computer science","author":"harvardgazette","date":"February 11, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Young women studying computer science were introduced to a group of potential role models as part of a weekend conference at the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. The event, organized by Harvard Women in Computer Science, drew some of the most successful women in the field.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Science &amp; Tech&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Science &amp; Tech","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/science-technology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/yin-center_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/yin-center_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/02\/yin-center_605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":172619,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2015\/08\/seas-adds-to-faculty\/","url_meta":{"origin":259726,"position":5},"title":"SEAS adds to faculty","author":"harvardgazette","date":"August 7, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"The Harvard Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences is adding five faculty members this fall, as the rapidly growing School expands its computer science strengths.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/seas-growth-faculty_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/seas-growth-faculty_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/seas-growth-faculty_1.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/122429419"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=259726"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":369060,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259726\/revisions\/369060"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/259727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=259726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=259726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=259726"},{"taxonomy":"format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gazette-formats?post=259726"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=259726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}