{"id":108590,"date":"2012-04-26T12:50:14","date_gmt":"2012-04-26T16:50:14","guid":{"rendered":"\/gazette\/?p=108590"},"modified":"2019-07-22T11:40:28","modified_gmt":"2019-07-22T15:40:28","slug":"hard-earned-gains-for-women-at-harvard","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2012\/04\/hard-earned-gains-for-women-at-harvard\/","title":{"rendered":"Hard-earned gains for women at Harvard"},"content":{"rendered":"<header\n\tclass=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-article-header alignfull article-header is-style-full-width-text-below centered-image\"\n\tstyle=\" \"\n>\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"403\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_204_605.jpg\" width=\"605\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,&quot; one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege,\u201d said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, speaking at the Radcliffe Institute, in a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard.&quot;<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Photos by Stephanie Mitchell\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\t<div class=\"article-header__content\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"article-header__category\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/arts-humanities\/\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\tArts &amp; Culture\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<h1 class=\"article-header__title wp-block-heading \">\n\t\tHard-earned gains for women at Harvard\t<\/h1>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<div class=\"article-header__meta\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-post-author\">\n\t\t\t<address class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"author wp-block-post-author__name\">\n\t\tColleen Walsh\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-post-author__byline\">\n\t\t\tHarvard Staff Writer\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/address>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<time class=\"article-header__date\" datetime=\"2012-04-26\">\n\t\t\tApril 26, 2012\t\t<\/time>\n\n\t\t<span class=\"article-header__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t6 min read\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-header__subheading wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\tHorowitz reviews obstacles, milestones in Radcliffe lecture\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\n<\/header>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\n\n\t\t<p>Harvard\u2019s history with women is indeed complicated, said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Monday at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.radcliffe.edu\/\">Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard,\u201d the professor <em>emerita <\/em>of history and American studies at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smith.edu\/\">Smith College<\/a> examined the University\u2019s shifting gender landscape, contending that while the Harvard of today has much to celebrate in regards to women, it still has room to improve.<\/p>\n<p>The lecture took shape as Harvard President <a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/\">Drew Faust<\/a> and Radcliffe Dean Lizabeth Cohen discussed how the Radcliffe Institute could, said Cohen, \u201cmake an intellectual contribution\u201d to commemorate Harvard\u2019s 375th anniversary.<\/p>\n<p>Just as important to the two historians, said Cohen, \u201cwas how the history of women at Harvard might be well represented in the course of the anniversary year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Faust offered opening remarks at Monday\u2019s event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard. Horowitz\u2019s talk, she said, offered \u201cimportant and enduring lessons for Harvard&#8221; \u2014 about how change happens, and about how those committed to learning and opportunity &#8220;can make their way into a world that comes increasingly to accept and embrace them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,\u201d said Horowitz, one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Established in 1636 to educate an all-male clergy, Harvard by the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century had developed into a college to educate the \u201csons of the arriving mercantile elite.\u201d During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, Boston bluebloods and Harvard, she said, \u201crose together.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The first women to knock at Harvard\u2019s doors came from the middle class, typically schoolteachers looking for extra instruction in the sciences. But they were merely \u201cthrown crumbs,\u201d such as access to lectures or labs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>When a group of powerful women, including Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, widow of the famous Harvard scientist Louis Agassiz, founded the Women\u2019s Education Association of Boston, in 1872, and sought to gain the entrance of women into Harvard, it was met with steady resistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were told not to disturb the present system of education which is the result of the experience and wisdom of the past,\u201d read Horowitz from the group\u2019s records. She noted that at the time both Harvard President Charles William Eliot and the Harvard Corporation were \u201cdeeply opposed\u201d to allowing women into Harvard.<\/p>\n<p>Eliot, Faust remarked in her 2004 essay titled \u201cMingling Promiscuously: A History of Women and Men at Harvard,\u201d \u201cestablished his position in his inaugural address, declaring that the policing of hundreds of young men and women of marriageable age would be impossible. He had doubts, moreover, about what he called the \u2018natural mental capacities\u2019 of the female sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the association, said Horowitz, would not be deterred. They turned to an innovative solution, developing an institution of their own, one located near Harvard that would offer female students instruction by Harvard professors, \u201cthe same courses they taught men in the Yard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d opened its doors in 1879. By 1890 more than 200 women were being taught by 70 men. Yet Agassiz continued to push for more. In 1894, Radcliffe College was granted an official charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Agassiz was its first president.<\/p>\n<p>Faust, Harvard\u2019s Lincoln Professor of History, described the new college in her 2004 paper. Radcliffe, she wrote, represented a \u201ccompromise between what women wanted and what Harvard would give them, as an alternative to the two prevailing models of coeducation and separate women\u2019s institutions. Radcliffe College would educate women by contracting with individual Harvard faculty to provide instruction, would offer its own diplomas, to be countersigned by Harvard\u2019s president, and would be subjected in academic matters to the supervision of \u2018visitors\u2019 from Harvard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet though women were making significant inroads, they were still set apart from Harvard, a separation that may have come with unseen costs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does it mean to a woman student that there are no female models?\u201d she wondered.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor better or worse,\u201d said Horowitz, \u201cprofessors are models, as well as inspirers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A more complex picture emerged Harvard\u2019s graduate Schools. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gse.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Graduate School of Education<\/a> was the first to admit women in 1920. <a href=\"http:\/\/hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a> accepted its first female enrollees in 1945 \u2014 though a woman first applied almost 100 years earlier, in 1847. Women began petitioning <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/index.html\">Harvard Law School<\/a> for admittance in 1871. The School opened its doors in 1950, but that was 20 years behind most law schools in the country, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>The author and former Radcliffe fellow even offered her own experience with Harvard\u2019s \u201ccomplicated\u201d approach to women. When she was denied acceptance to Harvard\u2019s graduate program in history in 1962, she protested her rejection to Dean Kirby-Miller, the recently displaced dean of the Radcliffe Graduate School. Kirby-Miller agreed that she had been discriminated against, then promptly refused to take her case, telling Horowitz \u201cshe had lost two better ones in the last week.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Horowitz ultimately received both her master\u2019s and doctorate degrees from Harvard in American civilization in 1965 and 1969<\/p>\n<p>In 1963, Harvard degrees were awarded to Radcliffe students for the first time. In 1967, Lamont Library allowed women access. In 1975, the two Colleges merged their admissions. In 1977, \u201ca critical date,\u201d Harvard\u2019s ratio of four men to one woman ended with \u201csex-blind admissions.\u201d In 1999, Radcliffe officially merged with Harvard, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study was born.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMoving an institution towards equity turns out to be hard work,\u201d said Horowitz. Harvard has made great progress, she said.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 16 members of the Harvard Council of Deans, seven are women, and women also hold many other top administrative posts at the University, she said. While the faculty still strives for greater diversity, what\u2019s important to remember, said Horowitz, is that the University has a \u201cclear tenure track system\u201d in place, which offers women a road in.<\/p>\n<p>Still, other changes are needed if women are to be convinced to stay at Harvard, and other academic institutions, long enough to pursue tenure \u2014 specifically, changes in regards to starting a family and caregiving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo achieve equity requires that educational institutions provide women with a wide range of services and a flexible career clock, enabling the balance of working and caregiving. To be gender blind about this, is to be blind about the reality of many women\u2019s lives.\u201d<\/p>\n\r\n\t\n\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone  size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg?resize=150,100 150w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg?resize=48,32 48w, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg?resize=96,64 96w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, professor emerita of history and American studies at Smith College, examined the shifting gender landscape at Harvard during a talk at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":105622744,"featured_media":108640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"gz_ga_pageviews":73,"gz_ga_lastupdated":"2022-05-16 11:39","document_color_palette":"crimson","author":"Colleen Walsh","affiliation":"Harvard Staff Writer","_category_override":"","_yoast_wpseo_primary_category":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1360],"tags":[2379,2679,2383,12057,15625,15628,15753,15870,15922,16014,16998,21929,26288,28665,29478,31537,36085],"gazette-formats":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-108590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-humanities","tag-colleen-walsh","tag-375th-anniversary","tag-drew-faust","tag-elizabeth-cary-agassiz","tag-harvard-corporation","tag-harvard-council-of-deans","tag-harvard-graduate-school-of-education","tag-harvard-law-school","tag-harvard-medical-school","tag-harvard-president-charles-william-eliot","tag-history","tag-lizabeth-cohen","tag-omens-education-association-of-boston","tag-radcliffe-institute-for-advanced-study","tag-rights","tag-smith-college","tag-women"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.0 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hard-earned gains for women at Harvard &#8212; 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one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege,\u201d said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, speaking at the Radcliffe Institute, in a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard.&quot;<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Photos by Stephanie Mitchell\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","innerContent":["<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img alt=\"\" height=\"403\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_204_605.jpg\" width=\"605\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,&quot; one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege,\u201d said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, speaking at the Radcliffe Institute, in a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard.&quot;<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Photos by Stephanie Mitchell\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n"],"rendered":"<header\n\tclass=\"wp-block-harvard-gazette-article-header alignfull article-header is-style-full-width-text-below centered-image\"\n\tstyle=\" \"\n>\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img alt=\"\" height=\"403\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_204_605.jpg\" width=\"605\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><p class=\"wp-element-caption--caption\">Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,&quot; one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege,\u201d said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz, speaking at the Radcliffe Institute, in a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard.&quot;<\/p><p class=\"wp-element-caption--credit\">Photos by Stephanie Mitchell\/Harvard Staff Photographer<\/p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\t<div class=\"article-header__content\">\n\t\t\t<a\n\t\t\tclass=\"article-header__category\"\n\t\t\thref=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/arts-humanities\/\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\tArts &amp; Culture\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\n\t\t<h1 class=\"article-header__title wp-block-heading \">\n\t\tHard-earned gains for women at Harvard\t<\/h1>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t<div class=\"article-header__meta\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-post-author\">\n\t\t\t<address class=\"wp-block-post-author__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"author wp-block-post-author__name\">\n\t\tColleen Walsh\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t<p class=\"wp-block-post-author__byline\">\n\t\t\tHarvard Staff Writer\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/address>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<time class=\"article-header__date\" datetime=\"2012-04-26\">\n\t\t\tApril 26, 2012\t\t<\/time>\n\n\t\t<span class=\"article-header__reading-time\">\n\t\t\t6 min read\t\t<\/span>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"article-header__subheading wp-block-heading\">\n\t\t\tHorowitz reviews obstacles, milestones in Radcliffe lecture\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\n<\/header>\n"},"2":{"blockName":"core\/group","attrs":{"templateLock":false,"metadata":{"name":"Article content"},"align":"wide","layout":{"type":"constrained","justifyContent":"center"},"tagName":"div","lock":[],"className":"","style":[],"backgroundColor":"","textColor":"","gradient":"","fontSize":"","fontFamily":"","borderColor":"","ariaLabel":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[{"blockName":"core\/freeform","attrs":{"content":"","lock":[],"metadata":[]},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n\t\t<p>Harvard\u2019s history with women is indeed complicated, said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Monday at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.radcliffe.edu\/\">Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard,\u201d the professor <em>emerita <\/em>of history and American studies at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smith.edu\/\">Smith College<\/a> examined the University\u2019s shifting gender landscape, contending that while the Harvard of today has much to celebrate in regards to women, it still has room to improve.<\/p>\n<p>The lecture took shape as Harvard President <a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/\">Drew Faust<\/a> and Radcliffe Dean Lizabeth Cohen discussed how the Radcliffe Institute could, said Cohen, \u201cmake an intellectual contribution\u201d to commemorate Harvard\u2019s 375th anniversary.<\/p>\n<p>Just as important to the two historians, said Cohen, \u201cwas how the history of women at Harvard might be well represented in the course of the anniversary year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Faust offered opening remarks at Monday\u2019s event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard. Horowitz\u2019s talk, she said, offered \u201cimportant and enduring lessons for Harvard\" \u2014 about how change happens, and about how those committed to learning and opportunity \"can make their way into a world that comes increasingly to accept and embrace them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,\u201d said Horowitz, one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Established in 1636 to educate an all-male clergy, Harvard by the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century had developed into a college to educate the \u201csons of the arriving mercantile elite.\u201d During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, Boston bluebloods and Harvard, she said, \u201crose together.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The first women to knock at Harvard\u2019s doors came from the middle class, typically schoolteachers looking for extra instruction in the sciences. But they were merely \u201cthrown crumbs,\u201d such as access to lectures or labs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>When a group of powerful women, including Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, widow of the famous Harvard scientist Louis Agassiz, founded the Women\u2019s Education Association of Boston, in 1872, and sought to gain the entrance of women into Harvard, it was met with steady resistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were told not to disturb the present system of education which is the result of the experience and wisdom of the past,\u201d read Horowitz from the group\u2019s records. She noted that at the time both Harvard President Charles William Eliot and the Harvard Corporation were \u201cdeeply opposed\u201d to allowing women into Harvard.<\/p>\n<p>Eliot, Faust remarked in her 2004 essay titled \u201cMingling Promiscuously: A History of Women and Men at Harvard,\u201d \u201cestablished his position in his inaugural address, declaring that the policing of hundreds of young men and women of marriageable age would be impossible. He had doubts, moreover, about what he called the \u2018natural mental capacities\u2019 of the female sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the association, said Horowitz, would not be deterred. They turned to an innovative solution, developing an institution of their own, one located near Harvard that would offer female students instruction by Harvard professors, \u201cthe same courses they taught men in the Yard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d opened its doors in 1879. By 1890 more than 200 women were being taught by 70 men. Yet Agassiz continued to push for more. In 1894, Radcliffe College was granted an official charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Agassiz was its first president.<\/p>\n<p>Faust, Harvard\u2019s Lincoln Professor of History, described the new college in her 2004 paper. Radcliffe, she wrote, represented a \u201ccompromise between what women wanted and what Harvard would give them, as an alternative to the two prevailing models of coeducation and separate women\u2019s institutions. Radcliffe College would educate women by contracting with individual Harvard faculty to provide instruction, would offer its own diplomas, to be countersigned by Harvard\u2019s president, and would be subjected in academic matters to the supervision of \u2018visitors\u2019 from Harvard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet though women were making significant inroads, they were still set apart from Harvard, a separation that may have come with unseen costs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does it mean to a woman student that there are no female models?\u201d she wondered.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor better or worse,\u201d said Horowitz, \u201cprofessors are models, as well as inspirers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A more complex picture emerged Harvard\u2019s graduate Schools. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gse.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Graduate School of Education<\/a> was the first to admit women in 1920. <a href=\"http:\/\/hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a> accepted its first female enrollees in 1945 \u2014 though a woman first applied almost 100 years earlier, in 1847. Women began petitioning <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/index.html\">Harvard Law School<\/a> for admittance in 1871. The School opened its doors in 1950, but that was 20 years behind most law schools in the country, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>The author and former Radcliffe fellow even offered her own experience with Harvard\u2019s \u201ccomplicated\u201d approach to women. When she was denied acceptance to Harvard\u2019s graduate program in history in 1962, she protested her rejection to Dean Kirby-Miller, the recently displaced dean of the Radcliffe Graduate School. Kirby-Miller agreed that she had been discriminated against, then promptly refused to take her case, telling Horowitz \u201cshe had lost two better ones in the last week.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Horowitz ultimately received both her master\u2019s and doctorate degrees from Harvard in American civilization in 1965 and 1969<\/p>\n<p>In 1963, Harvard degrees were awarded to Radcliffe students for the first time. In 1967, Lamont Library allowed women access. In 1975, the two Colleges merged their admissions. In 1977, \u201ca critical date,\u201d Harvard\u2019s ratio of four men to one woman ended with \u201csex-blind admissions.\u201d In 1999, Radcliffe officially merged with Harvard, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study was born.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMoving an institution towards equity turns out to be hard work,\u201d said Horowitz. Harvard has made great progress, she said.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 16 members of the Harvard Council of Deans, seven are women, and women also hold many other top administrative posts at the University, she said. While the faculty still strives for greater diversity, what\u2019s important to remember, said Horowitz, is that the University has a \u201cclear tenure track system\u201d in place, which offers women a road in.<\/p>\n<p>Still, other changes are needed if women are to be convinced to stay at Harvard, and other academic institutions, long enough to pursue tenure \u2014 specifically, changes in regards to starting a family and caregiving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo achieve equity requires that educational institutions provide women with a wide range of services and a flexible career clock, enabling the balance of working and caregiving. To be gender blind about this, is to be blind about the reality of many women\u2019s lives.\u201d<\/p>\n","innerContent":["\n\t\t<p>Harvard\u2019s history with women is indeed complicated, said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Monday at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.radcliffe.edu\/\">Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard,\u201d the professor <em>emerita <\/em>of history and American studies at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smith.edu\/\">Smith College<\/a> examined the University\u2019s shifting gender landscape, contending that while the Harvard of today has much to celebrate in regards to women, it still has room to improve.<\/p>\n<p>The lecture took shape as Harvard President <a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/\">Drew Faust<\/a> and Radcliffe Dean Lizabeth Cohen discussed how the Radcliffe Institute could, said Cohen, \u201cmake an intellectual contribution\u201d to commemorate Harvard\u2019s 375th anniversary.<\/p>\n<p>Just as important to the two historians, said Cohen, \u201cwas how the history of women at Harvard might be well represented in the course of the anniversary year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Faust offered opening remarks at Monday\u2019s event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard. Horowitz\u2019s talk, she said, offered \u201cimportant and enduring lessons for Harvard\" \u2014 about how change happens, and about how those committed to learning and opportunity \"can make their way into a world that comes increasingly to accept and embrace them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,\u201d said Horowitz, one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Established in 1636 to educate an all-male clergy, Harvard by the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century had developed into a college to educate the \u201csons of the arriving mercantile elite.\u201d During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, Boston bluebloods and Harvard, she said, \u201crose together.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The first women to knock at Harvard\u2019s doors came from the middle class, typically schoolteachers looking for extra instruction in the sciences. But they were merely \u201cthrown crumbs,\u201d such as access to lectures or labs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>When a group of powerful women, including Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, widow of the famous Harvard scientist Louis Agassiz, founded the Women\u2019s Education Association of Boston, in 1872, and sought to gain the entrance of women into Harvard, it was met with steady resistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were told not to disturb the present system of education which is the result of the experience and wisdom of the past,\u201d read Horowitz from the group\u2019s records. She noted that at the time both Harvard President Charles William Eliot and the Harvard Corporation were \u201cdeeply opposed\u201d to allowing women into Harvard.<\/p>\n<p>Eliot, Faust remarked in her 2004 essay titled \u201cMingling Promiscuously: A History of Women and Men at Harvard,\u201d \u201cestablished his position in his inaugural address, declaring that the policing of hundreds of young men and women of marriageable age would be impossible. He had doubts, moreover, about what he called the \u2018natural mental capacities\u2019 of the female sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the association, said Horowitz, would not be deterred. They turned to an innovative solution, developing an institution of their own, one located near Harvard that would offer female students instruction by Harvard professors, \u201cthe same courses they taught men in the Yard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d opened its doors in 1879. By 1890 more than 200 women were being taught by 70 men. Yet Agassiz continued to push for more. In 1894, Radcliffe College was granted an official charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Agassiz was its first president.<\/p>\n<p>Faust, Harvard\u2019s Lincoln Professor of History, described the new college in her 2004 paper. Radcliffe, she wrote, represented a \u201ccompromise between what women wanted and what Harvard would give them, as an alternative to the two prevailing models of coeducation and separate women\u2019s institutions. Radcliffe College would educate women by contracting with individual Harvard faculty to provide instruction, would offer its own diplomas, to be countersigned by Harvard\u2019s president, and would be subjected in academic matters to the supervision of \u2018visitors\u2019 from Harvard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet though women were making significant inroads, they were still set apart from Harvard, a separation that may have come with unseen costs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does it mean to a woman student that there are no female models?\u201d she wondered.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor better or worse,\u201d said Horowitz, \u201cprofessors are models, as well as inspirers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A more complex picture emerged Harvard\u2019s graduate Schools. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gse.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Graduate School of Education<\/a> was the first to admit women in 1920. <a href=\"http:\/\/hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a> accepted its first female enrollees in 1945 \u2014 though a woman first applied almost 100 years earlier, in 1847. Women began petitioning <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/index.html\">Harvard Law School<\/a> for admittance in 1871. The School opened its doors in 1950, but that was 20 years behind most law schools in the country, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>The author and former Radcliffe fellow even offered her own experience with Harvard\u2019s \u201ccomplicated\u201d approach to women. When she was denied acceptance to Harvard\u2019s graduate program in history in 1962, she protested her rejection to Dean Kirby-Miller, the recently displaced dean of the Radcliffe Graduate School. Kirby-Miller agreed that she had been discriminated against, then promptly refused to take her case, telling Horowitz \u201cshe had lost two better ones in the last week.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Horowitz ultimately received both her master\u2019s and doctorate degrees from Harvard in American civilization in 1965 and 1969<\/p>\n<p>In 1963, Harvard degrees were awarded to Radcliffe students for the first time. In 1967, Lamont Library allowed women access. In 1975, the two Colleges merged their admissions. In 1977, \u201ca critical date,\u201d Harvard\u2019s ratio of four men to one woman ended with \u201csex-blind admissions.\u201d In 1999, Radcliffe officially merged with Harvard, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study was born.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMoving an institution towards equity turns out to be hard work,\u201d said Horowitz. Harvard has made great progress, she said.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 16 members of the Harvard Council of Deans, seven are women, and women also hold many other top administrative posts at the University, she said. While the faculty still strives for greater diversity, what\u2019s important to remember, said Horowitz, is that the University has a \u201cclear tenure track system\u201d in place, which offers women a road in.<\/p>\n<p>Still, other changes are needed if women are to be convinced to stay at Harvard, and other academic institutions, long enough to pursue tenure \u2014 specifically, changes in regards to starting a family and caregiving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo achieve equity requires that educational institutions provide women with a wide range of services and a flexible career clock, enabling the balance of working and caregiving. To be gender blind about this, is to be blind about the reality of many women\u2019s lives.\u201d<\/p>\n"],"rendered":"\n\t\t<p>Harvard\u2019s history with women is indeed complicated, said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Monday at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.radcliffe.edu\/\">Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard,\u201d the professor <em>emerita <\/em>of history and American studies at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smith.edu\/\">Smith College<\/a> examined the University\u2019s shifting gender landscape, contending that while the Harvard of today has much to celebrate in regards to women, it still has room to improve.<\/p>\n<p>The lecture took shape as Harvard President <a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/\">Drew Faust<\/a> and Radcliffe Dean Lizabeth Cohen discussed how the Radcliffe Institute could, said Cohen, \u201cmake an intellectual contribution\u201d to commemorate Harvard\u2019s 375th anniversary.<\/p>\n<p>Just as important to the two historians, said Cohen, \u201cwas how the history of women at Harvard might be well represented in the course of the anniversary year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Faust offered opening remarks at Monday\u2019s event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard. Horowitz\u2019s talk, she said, offered \u201cimportant and enduring lessons for Harvard\" \u2014 about how change happens, and about how those committed to learning and opportunity \"can make their way into a world that comes increasingly to accept and embrace them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,\u201d said Horowitz, one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Established in 1636 to educate an all-male clergy, Harvard by the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century had developed into a college to educate the \u201csons of the arriving mercantile elite.\u201d During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, Boston bluebloods and Harvard, she said, \u201crose together.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The first women to knock at Harvard\u2019s doors came from the middle class, typically schoolteachers looking for extra instruction in the sciences. But they were merely \u201cthrown crumbs,\u201d such as access to lectures or labs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>When a group of powerful women, including Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, widow of the famous Harvard scientist Louis Agassiz, founded the Women\u2019s Education Association of Boston, in 1872, and sought to gain the entrance of women into Harvard, it was met with steady resistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were told not to disturb the present system of education which is the result of the experience and wisdom of the past,\u201d read Horowitz from the group\u2019s records. She noted that at the time both Harvard President Charles William Eliot and the Harvard Corporation were \u201cdeeply opposed\u201d to allowing women into Harvard.<\/p>\n<p>Eliot, Faust remarked in her 2004 essay titled \u201cMingling Promiscuously: A History of Women and Men at Harvard,\u201d \u201cestablished his position in his inaugural address, declaring that the policing of hundreds of young men and women of marriageable age would be impossible. He had doubts, moreover, about what he called the \u2018natural mental capacities\u2019 of the female sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the association, said Horowitz, would not be deterred. They turned to an innovative solution, developing an institution of their own, one located near Harvard that would offer female students instruction by Harvard professors, \u201cthe same courses they taught men in the Yard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d opened its doors in 1879. By 1890 more than 200 women were being taught by 70 men. Yet Agassiz continued to push for more. In 1894, Radcliffe College was granted an official charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Agassiz was its first president.<\/p>\n<p>Faust, Harvard\u2019s Lincoln Professor of History, described the new college in her 2004 paper. Radcliffe, she wrote, represented a \u201ccompromise between what women wanted and what Harvard would give them, as an alternative to the two prevailing models of coeducation and separate women\u2019s institutions. Radcliffe College would educate women by contracting with individual Harvard faculty to provide instruction, would offer its own diplomas, to be countersigned by Harvard\u2019s president, and would be subjected in academic matters to the supervision of \u2018visitors\u2019 from Harvard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet though women were making significant inroads, they were still set apart from Harvard, a separation that may have come with unseen costs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does it mean to a woman student that there are no female models?\u201d she wondered.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor better or worse,\u201d said Horowitz, \u201cprofessors are models, as well as inspirers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A more complex picture emerged Harvard\u2019s graduate Schools. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gse.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Graduate School of Education<\/a> was the first to admit women in 1920. <a href=\"http:\/\/hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a> accepted its first female enrollees in 1945 \u2014 though a woman first applied almost 100 years earlier, in 1847. Women began petitioning <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/index.html\">Harvard Law School<\/a> for admittance in 1871. The School opened its doors in 1950, but that was 20 years behind most law schools in the country, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>The author and former Radcliffe fellow even offered her own experience with Harvard\u2019s \u201ccomplicated\u201d approach to women. When she was denied acceptance to Harvard\u2019s graduate program in history in 1962, she protested her rejection to Dean Kirby-Miller, the recently displaced dean of the Radcliffe Graduate School. Kirby-Miller agreed that she had been discriminated against, then promptly refused to take her case, telling Horowitz \u201cshe had lost two better ones in the last week.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Horowitz ultimately received both her master\u2019s and doctorate degrees from Harvard in American civilization in 1965 and 1969<\/p>\n<p>In 1963, Harvard degrees were awarded to Radcliffe students for the first time. In 1967, Lamont Library allowed women access. In 1975, the two Colleges merged their admissions. In 1977, \u201ca critical date,\u201d Harvard\u2019s ratio of four men to one woman ended with \u201csex-blind admissions.\u201d In 1999, Radcliffe officially merged with Harvard, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study was born.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMoving an institution towards equity turns out to be hard work,\u201d said Horowitz. Harvard has made great progress, she said.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 16 members of the Harvard Council of Deans, seven are women, and women also hold many other top administrative posts at the University, she said. While the faculty still strives for greater diversity, what\u2019s important to remember, said Horowitz, is that the University has a \u201cclear tenure track system\u201d in place, which offers women a road in.<\/p>\n<p>Still, other changes are needed if women are to be convinced to stay at Harvard, and other academic institutions, long enough to pursue tenure \u2014 specifically, changes in regards to starting a family and caregiving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo achieve equity requires that educational institutions provide women with a wide range of services and a flexible career clock, enabling the balance of working and caregiving. To be gender blind about this, is to be blind about the reality of many women\u2019s lives.\u201d<\/p>\n"},{"blockName":"core\/image","attrs":{"sizeSlug":"full","align":"none","id":108638,"caption":"President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.","blob":"","url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg","alt":"","lightbox":[],"title":"","href":"","rel":"","linkClass":"","width":"","height":"","aspectRatio":"","scale":"","linkDestination":"","linkTarget":"","lock":[],"metadata":[],"className":"","style":[],"borderColor":"","anchor":""},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone  size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108638\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t","innerContent":["\n\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone  size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108638\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t"],"rendered":"\n\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone  size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108638\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t"},{"blockName":"core\/freeform","attrs":{"content":"","lock":[],"metadata":[]},"innerBlocks":[],"innerHTML":"\n\n\n\n\n","innerContent":["\n\n\n\n\n"],"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n"}],"innerHTML":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\">\n\n\r\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\n<\/div>\n","innerContent":["\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide\">\n\n","\r\n\t","\n\t\r\n","\n\n<\/div>\n"],"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group alignwide has-global-padding is-content-justification-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\n\n\t\t<p>Harvard\u2019s history with women is indeed complicated, said historian Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Monday at the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.radcliffe.edu\/\">Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>In a talk titled \u201cIt\u2019s Complicated: 375 Years of Women at Harvard,\u201d the professor <em>emerita <\/em>of history and American studies at <a href=\"http:\/\/www.smith.edu\/\">Smith College<\/a> examined the University\u2019s shifting gender landscape, contending that while the Harvard of today has much to celebrate in regards to women, it still has room to improve.<\/p>\n<p>The lecture took shape as Harvard President <a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/president\/\">Drew Faust<\/a> and Radcliffe Dean Lizabeth Cohen discussed how the Radcliffe Institute could, said Cohen, \u201cmake an intellectual contribution\u201d to commemorate Harvard\u2019s 375th anniversary.<\/p>\n<p>Just as important to the two historians, said Cohen, \u201cwas how the history of women at Harvard might be well represented in the course of the anniversary year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Faust offered opening remarks at Monday\u2019s event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard. Horowitz\u2019s talk, she said, offered \u201cimportant and enduring lessons for Harvard\" \u2014 about how change happens, and about how those committed to learning and opportunity \"can make their way into a world that comes increasingly to accept and embrace them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Women\u2019s exclusion from the University began \u201cas a part of the social order of the time,\u201d said Horowitz, one that went largely unquestioned by both men and women and that was connected to both \u201ctradition and privilege.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Established in 1636 to educate an all-male clergy, Harvard by the 18<sup>th<\/sup> century had developed into a college to educate the \u201csons of the arriving mercantile elite.\u201d During the industrial revolution of the 19th century, Boston bluebloods and Harvard, she said, \u201crose together.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The first women to knock at Harvard\u2019s doors came from the middle class, typically schoolteachers looking for extra instruction in the sciences. But they were merely \u201cthrown crumbs,\u201d such as access to lectures or labs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>When a group of powerful women, including Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, widow of the famous Harvard scientist Louis Agassiz, founded the Women\u2019s Education Association of Boston, in 1872, and sought to gain the entrance of women into Harvard, it was met with steady resistance.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe were told not to disturb the present system of education which is the result of the experience and wisdom of the past,\u201d read Horowitz from the group\u2019s records. She noted that at the time both Harvard President Charles William Eliot and the Harvard Corporation were \u201cdeeply opposed\u201d to allowing women into Harvard.<\/p>\n<p>Eliot, Faust remarked in her 2004 essay titled \u201cMingling Promiscuously: A History of Women and Men at Harvard,\u201d \u201cestablished his position in his inaugural address, declaring that the policing of hundreds of young men and women of marriageable age would be impossible. He had doubts, moreover, about what he called the \u2018natural mental capacities\u2019 of the female sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But the association, said Horowitz, would not be deterred. They turned to an innovative solution, developing an institution of their own, one located near Harvard that would offer female students instruction by Harvard professors, \u201cthe same courses they taught men in the Yard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d opened its doors in 1879. By 1890 more than 200 women were being taught by 70 men. Yet Agassiz continued to push for more. In 1894, Radcliffe College was granted an official charter by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Agassiz was its first president.<\/p>\n<p>Faust, Harvard\u2019s Lincoln Professor of History, described the new college in her 2004 paper. Radcliffe, she wrote, represented a \u201ccompromise between what women wanted and what Harvard would give them, as an alternative to the two prevailing models of coeducation and separate women\u2019s institutions. Radcliffe College would educate women by contracting with individual Harvard faculty to provide instruction, would offer its own diplomas, to be countersigned by Harvard\u2019s president, and would be subjected in academic matters to the supervision of \u2018visitors\u2019 from Harvard.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yet though women were making significant inroads, they were still set apart from Harvard, a separation that may have come with unseen costs, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat does it mean to a woman student that there are no female models?\u201d she wondered.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor better or worse,\u201d said Horowitz, \u201cprofessors are models, as well as inspirers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A more complex picture emerged Harvard\u2019s graduate Schools. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gse.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Graduate School of Education<\/a> was the first to admit women in 1920. <a href=\"http:\/\/hms.harvard.edu\/\">Harvard Medical School<\/a> accepted its first female enrollees in 1945 \u2014 though a woman first applied almost 100 years earlier, in 1847. Women began petitioning <a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/index.html\">Harvard Law School<\/a> for admittance in 1871. The School opened its doors in 1950, but that was 20 years behind most law schools in the country, said Horowitz.<\/p>\n<p>The author and former Radcliffe fellow even offered her own experience with Harvard\u2019s \u201ccomplicated\u201d approach to women. When she was denied acceptance to Harvard\u2019s graduate program in history in 1962, she protested her rejection to Dean Kirby-Miller, the recently displaced dean of the Radcliffe Graduate School. Kirby-Miller agreed that she had been discriminated against, then promptly refused to take her case, telling Horowitz \u201cshe had lost two better ones in the last week.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Horowitz ultimately received both her master\u2019s and doctorate degrees from Harvard in American civilization in 1965 and 1969<\/p>\n<p>In 1963, Harvard degrees were awarded to Radcliffe students for the first time. In 1967, Lamont Library allowed women access. In 1975, the two Colleges merged their admissions. In 1977, \u201ca critical date,\u201d Harvard\u2019s ratio of four men to one woman ended with \u201csex-blind admissions.\u201d In 1999, Radcliffe officially merged with Harvard, and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study was born.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMoving an institution towards equity turns out to be hard work,\u201d said Horowitz. Harvard has made great progress, she said.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 16 members of the Harvard Council of Deans, seven are women, and women also hold many other top administrative posts at the University, she said. While the faculty still strives for greater diversity, what\u2019s important to remember, said Horowitz, is that the University has a \u201cclear tenure track system\u201d in place, which offers women a road in.<\/p>\n<p>Still, other changes are needed if women are to be convinced to stay at Harvard, and other academic institutions, long enough to pursue tenure \u2014 specifically, changes in regards to starting a family and caregiving.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTo achieve equity requires that educational institutions provide women with a wide range of services and a flexible career clock, enabling the balance of working and caregiving. To be gender blind about this, is to be blind about the reality of many women\u2019s lives.\u201d<\/p>\n\r\n\t\n\n\t<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone  size-full is-resized\"><img src=\"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/04\/042312_complicated_132_500.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108638\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">President Drew Faust offered opening remarks at the event, saying that the past 100 years can be seen as \u201ca narrative of progress\u201d for women at Harvard.\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\n\t\r\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n"}},"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":183781,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2016\/05\/from-around-the-world-and-across-harvard\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":0},"title":"From around the world and across Harvard","author":"harvardgazette","date":"May 18, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"The Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study has named 50 fellows for the 2016-17 academic year. Eleven of the incoming class are Harvard faculty.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/radcliffebyerlyhall_photobykevingrady_900_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/radcliffebyerlyhall_photobykevingrady_900_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/radcliffebyerlyhall_photobykevingrady_900_605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":45123,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2005\/11\/bunting-papers-given-to-radcliffe\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":1},"title":"Bunting papers given to Radcliffe","author":"gazetteimport","date":"November 10, 2005","format":false,"excerpt":"The Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study recently celebrated the life and legacy of Mary Ingraham Bunting-Smith (1910 - 1998), known to the Harvard-Radcliffe community as Polly Bunting, president of Radcliffe College from 1960 to 1972. The event included remarks by Elaine Yaffe, author of Mary Ingraham Bunting: Her Two Lives\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bunting-Smith","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-content\/uploads\/2005\/11\/09-bunt-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":135603,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2013\/04\/engaging-in-a-new-community\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":2},"title":"Engaging in a new community","author":"harvardgazette","date":"April 18, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"The innovative international scholar Tamar Herzog has been appointed the Monroe Gutman Professor of Latin American Affairs in Harvard University\u2019s Faculty of Arts and Sciences. She also will become the Radcliffe Alumnae Professor at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/herzog_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/herzog_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/herzog_605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":177449,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2015\/12\/renowned-scholar-joins-kennedy-school-and-radcliffe-institute\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":3},"title":"Renowned scholar joins Kennedy School and Radcliffe Institute","author":"harvardgazette","date":"December 14, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Khalil Gibran Muhammad has been named professor of history, race, and public policy at Harvard Kennedy School and appointed the Suzanne Young Murray Professor at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. He will begin at Harvard on July 1.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/khalilmuhammad-headshot-hires_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/khalilmuhammad-headshot-hires_605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/khalilmuhammad-headshot-hires_605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":157236,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2014\/05\/a-celebration-of-ideas\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":4},"title":"A celebration of ideas","author":"harvardgazette","date":"May 29, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"The Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study is turning 15, with 900 of its closest friends in attendance. During the ceremonies, the institute will award the Radcliffe Medal to its former dean, Harvard President Drew Faust.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/090513_dgf_406_6051.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/090513_dgf_406_6051.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/090513_dgf_406_6051.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":157751,"url":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/story\/2014\/05\/faust-awarded-radcliffe-medal\/","url_meta":{"origin":108590,"position":5},"title":"Faust says women should press ahead","author":"harvardgazette","date":"May 30, 2014","format":false,"excerpt":"Harvard President Drew Faust was honored with the Radcliffe Medal on Friday during Radcliffe Day, an annual Commencement week celebration that unites hundreds of fellows, alumnae and friends for a day of discussions, luncheon and medal ceremony. The day also marked the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study\u2019s 15-year anniversary.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Campus &amp; Community&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Campus &amp; Community","link":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/section\/campus-community\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/053014_radcliffe_award605.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/053014_radcliffe_award605.jpg?resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/053014_radcliffe_award605.jpg?resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/105622744"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108590"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":281675,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108590\/revisions\/281675"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/108640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108590"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108590"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108590"},{"taxonomy":"format","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/gazette-formats?post=108590"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.harvard.edu\/gazette\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=108590"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}